Backup and Restore MySQL Database Using mysqldump

backup: # mysqldump -u root -p[root_password] [database_name] > dumpfilename.sql

restore:# mysql -u root -p[root_password] [database_name] < dumpfilename.sql

Source 

MySQL command to show list of databases on server

you can use the -e option to execute some queries on the command line, EG, to list databases:

 mysql -e “show databases” -uUSER -pPASSWORD

Source

Get just the SIMPLE products ordered from a quote when Configurable Products are purchased

http://magento.stackexchange.com/questions/10081/get-just-the-simple-products-ordered-from-a-quote-when-configurable-products-are